Ive done tests with my friends shtokavians-only (or monolingual Croats regarding the situation here) and it was very interesting. Often the two languages are genetically related, and they are likely to be similar to each other in grammar, vocabulary, pronunciation, or other features. From the 1500s to 1900, a large corpus of Kajkavian literature was written. However, many groups of languages are partly mutually intelligible, i.e. This difference is because Bulgarian is not spoken the same way it is written like Serbo-Croatian is. Spanish is most mutually intelligible with Galician. BULGARIAN (transferred to the Latin script): algarskijat ezik e indoevropejski ezik ot grupata na junoslavjanskite ezici. Slovak is closely related to Czech, to the point of mutual intelligibility to a very high degree, as well as Polish.Like other Slavic languages, Slovak is a fusional language with a complex system of morphology and relatively flexible word order. Written intelligibility is higher at 25%. Part of the problem between Serbo-Croatian and Macedonian is that so many of the basic words be, do, this, that, where are different, however, much of the rest of the vocabulary is the same. From a grammatical and morphological perspective, Ukrainian is closer to Russian: they both have East Slavic roots. Although different writing systems are used, there are many similarities in the grammar used, such as Russian, Polish, and Ukrainian. Personal communication. That barrier, however, is not too difficult to overcome. Bulgarian and Russian are close because the Ottoman rulers of Bulgaria would not allow printing in Bulgaria. Its mainly in the weird Bulgarian grammar! most speakers of one language find it relatively easy to achieve some degree of understanding in the related language(s). Not only that, but it is not even fully intelligible with the Eastern Slovak that it resembles most. As an example, in the case of a linear dialect continuum that shades gradually between varieties, where speakers near the center can understand the varieties at both ends with relative ease, but speakers at one end have difficulty understanding the speakers at the other end, the entire chain is often considered a single language. Vitebsk State University. Therefore . The idea is that the Kajkavian and Chakavian languages simply do not exist, though obviously they are both separate languages. I cant say that I would understand every word, but it is usually not difficult to guess some missing gaps from the context, so I could read professional books in Bulgarian in the past. The more the better. Regarding Russian/Ukrainian mutual intelligebility: most people who lived in Ukraine during the Soviet era and return there today say that modern Ukrainian differs greatly from the one spoken during Soviet times. German is partially mutually intelligible with Yiddish and Dutch. Personally Im a Taoist in relation to 9/11, the middle way, you know? Serbs did not have the same language contact with the Macedonian language as Macedonians with Serbocroatian did. Mi povidamo Horvatski jazik means We speak croatian language in akavian. The differences to me are like New England English versus English in the deep South versus Australian. Ukrainians can understand Russian much better than the other way around. Only problem is which is in Czech but not in slovak. Ukrainian language similar to Polish? That movie doesnt have subtitle in Serbia but I think its a big mistake. I thought this is Croatia! Russian is followed by Polish with over 40 million speakers, Ukrainian with 33 million and Czech with 13 million. This debate occurred only in Croatian linguistic circles, and the public knows nothing about it (Jembrigh 2014). The revelation comes from General Musharrafs memoir, In the Line of Fire, which begins serialisation in The Times today and will further embarrass the White House at a time when relations between the US and Pakistan are already strained.. Pakistani intelligence chiefs are concerned that General Musharraf may jeopardise their relationship with British intelligence agencies after claiming that a convicted terrorist was once an MI6 informer. Many people know cases well but simply dont want to speak them correctly in conversation with someone who doesnt speak them correctly because that makes them feel like they want to judge other people who doesnt use cases correctly or that makes them more educated, even more smart, than someone who doesnt use it, and that makes both sides uncomfortable. Get 70% off + 10 languages + 14 day free trial. December 2014. But akavian being archaic it has old slavic package. Ive not read em myself. Serbs can read both cyrillic and latin without any problem even if that two scripts are mixed in a word or sentence. Czechs are more urbane. Bashkirs - Russia's Periphery Czech and Polish are incomprehensible to Serbo-Croatian speakers (Czech 10%, Polish 5%), but Serbo-Croatian has some limited comprehension of Slovak, on the order of 25%. Cieszyn Silesian or Ponaszymu is a language closely related to Silesian spoken in Czechoslovakia in the far northeast of the country near the Polish and Slovak borders. The Polish langauge uses the Latin script, while the Ukrainian is written in Cyrillic. Mutual intelligibility also occurs in a wide variety of degrees, ranging from none, to partial, to full mutual intelligibility. Spoken Slovenian is a surprise too its phonology has a significant German influence. Linguistic distance is the name for the concept of calculating a measurement for how different languages are from one another. I think the OP exagerated a bit. So, i've been interested about how much Polish speakers can understand Ukrainian without learning the language, but, most results i found said it's not really mutually intelligible, despite sharing alot or some words. Hello everyone, The Polish and Ukrainian languages come from the same Slavic roots, but are not so close that they are mutually intelligible. Nevertheless, writing continues in various Kajkavian dialects which still retain some connection to the old literary language, although some of the lexicon and grammar are going out (Jembrigh 2014). According to a paper on Mutual Intelligibility of Languages in the Slavic Family (link in comments): Native Belarusian speakers can understand 80% of spoken Ukrainian and 80% of written . In recent years, many of the German words are falling out of use and being replaced by Polish words, especially by young people. Score: 4.1/5 (74 votes) . . Then she asked me to go do something useful, so this is all I can contribute with. After all, you can look at the study that I listed above and check the results of the written translation task (translation of 50 individual words), which illustrates the similarity of lexicons: Czechs best understand Slovak words (96,52%), then Polish (64,29%), then Bulgarian (57,00%), Croatian (55,38%) and Slovene (49,73%). Polish and Ukrainian have higher lexical similarity at 72%, and Ukrainian intelligibility of Polish is ~50%+. Can Ukrainians and Polish understand each other? Most of the Ukrainian speakers who do not speak Russian are in Canada at the moment. #5. This implies that some of the high intelligibility between Slovak and Polish may be due to bilingual learning on the part of Slovaks. However, in recent years, there has also been quite a bit of bilingual learning. On the one hand, Belarussian has some dialects that are intelligible with some dialects of both Russian and Ukrainian. For instance, he and she in Standard Macedonia is toj and taa respectively, very close to Bulgarian toy and tya. It is no surprise that Ukrainian (and to a smaller extent) Belarusian have tons of Polish words, and are therefore more lexically similar to Polish than to Russian. the interrogatives are much more similar (kda vs. koga when; kd~kud vs. kade where; to~kakv (second form is more characteristic of Bulgarian) vs. to what; koj/koja/koe/koi vs. koj/koja/koe/koi who/which/that (interr. You are a smart guy. ago. Very interesting. Personal communication. There is one factor they dont know about the internet. Understanding the connection between mutually intelligible languages, can make it easier to learn an additional language. This understanding can be in spoken or written communication. Silesian, which can be heard in the southwest (sometimes also considered a separate language). Czech: 10% Communication about such things is significantly impaired at this level. Russian has 85% intelligibility with Rusyn (which has a small number of speakers in Central and Eastern Europe). While Norway was under Danish rule, the Bokml written standard of Norwegian developed from Dano-Norwegian, a koin language that evolved among the urban elite in Norwegian cities during the later years of the union. Its grammar is close to that of Russian. When there, they have to pass a language test. But thats politics for you. JohnUK. In fact, I cannot often identify any words at all. So here you have a case, when I could not understand everything, but I could grasp the meaning (at least). Chakavian and Kajkavian have high, but not full mutual intelligibility. (. For instance, Portuguese and Spanish have a relatively high degree of mutual intelligibility, but theyre technically separate languages. So I asked my Russian wife to listen to some of them (mostly local news on Youtube). There is . Vitebsk, Belarus. Most people in the region speak Russian with a few Ukrainian words. However, all three languages - Ukrainian, Russian and Belarusian - are in part mutually intelligible, and already knowing one can help a lot if you want to learn one of the . Mitja Slane on Twitter: "@NOELreports How do they speak? Ukrainian is Civis Illustris. Yes, there are some words, which has Ukraine origins, but trust me that its not so hard to understand. I think that this article is full of dubious numbers, but this is not necessarily the authors fault. It has also been described as a transitional dialect between Polish and Slovak. It is important to note that the idea of this paper was try to test "pure inherent intelligibility." A pure inherent intelligibility test would involve a couple of things. Although Chakavian is clearly a separate language from Shtokavian Croatian, in Croatia it is said that there is only one Croatian language, and that is Shtokavian Croatian. Routledge. The base of Molise Croatian was Shtokavian with an Ikavian accent and a heavy Chakavian base similar to what is now spoken as Southern Kajkavian Ikavian on the islands of Croatia. Russian is partially mutually intelligible with Ukrainian, Rusyn and Belarusian. Comment * document.getElementById("comment").setAttribute( "id", "ac933fc62d348b183dfc4516edf000ec" );document.getElementById("b83dbe3da2").setAttribute( "id", "comment" ); document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Your email address will not be published. Slovak somewhat more than Polish, but still very little. Hence, many religious books were imported from Russia, and these books influenced Bulgarian. Much of the claimed intelligibility is simply bilingual learning. but the two languages are more different than some people think. In fact, many Macedonians are switching away from the Macedonian language towards Serbo-Croatian. Ive been following this page and kept coming to it for the past months, actually more than a year (and have noticed some updates). The Polish alphabet includes certain additional letters formed using diacritics: the kreska in the letters , , , , and through the letter in ; the kropka in the letter , and the ogonek ("little . The answer is that Izetbegovi is speaking too fast, he is often basically mumbling, and due to the different stress, I cannot identify, where the words start and end. About Slovak being two different unintelligible languages I highly doubt so. How do they arrive at these estimates? Kajkavian differs from the other Slavic lects spoken in Croatia in that is has many Hungarian and German loans (Jembrigh 2014). It depends which dialect. However, many of these dialects are at least partially mutually intelligible. Some simple words as Zboruva talk were not understood by a Bulgarian and I was obliged to use the word govori so that I adapted my Macedonian to get understood, although we seldom say govori. Macedonian and Bulgarian are fairly similar but they are not close to being fully mutually intelligible. Its predecessor stage is known in Western academia as Ruthenian (14th to 17th centuries), in turn descended from what is referred to in modern linguistics as Old East Slavic (10th to 13th centuries). There are also some TV shows that show Czech and Slovak contestants untranslated (like in Sweden where Norwegian comics perform untranslated), and most people seem to understand these shows. French has 89% lexical similarity with Italian, 80% similarity with Sardinian (spoken on the Italian island of Sardinia), 78% similarity with Romansh (spoken in parts of Switzerland) and 75% similarity with Portuguese, Romanian and Spanish. Czech-Slovak languages - Wikipedia Czech-Slovak is now 91%, Czech-Serbo-Croatian is 18%, Czech-Macedonian is 17% and Czech=-Bulgarian is 13%. I also run a YouTube channel where I try to put the differences within the Croatias borders online since many whove seen them were surprised (or shocked). With this, off I go to sleep. What Other Languages Can You Understand If You Know Russian? Download Ebook Ukrainian Phrasebook And Dictionary Paperback And yes, comprehension has suffered since Czechoslovakia broke up, due to lack of exposure. Belarussian almost completely comprehensible, except a few words. I dismiss some of the wilder conspiracy stuff out of hand. Are Russian and Ukrainian mutually intelligible? - Quora But which languages in the world are actually closest to . Slovene has some commonalities with the West Slavic languages. While common speech from urban areas arent always mutually intelligible across regions, speakers from these regions can often use a more formal form of Arabic to speak with each other. Upper Dnistrian is influenced by German and Polish. Only Croatians try so hard to press differences. Slovak-Czech MI tests out at 82% in studies, which seems about right. I believe If the central varieties die out and only the varieties at both ends survive, they may then be reclassified as two languages, even though no actual language change has occurred during the time of the loss of the central varieties. I must admit that knowing English, German and French also helped me since Polish readily uses borrowings from these languages where Russian prefers Slavic words. Map; Russia's Periphery* Baltic States. When I visited Bulgaria I tried to communicate in Serbian language with the Bulgars. by Christine Ro. Bulgarian more comprehensible than standard Ukrainian. I will tell you also this: Ja u da radim is a form more related to Macedonian and south eastern dialects of Serbo-Croatian. Greg, Kaikavian is dialect of Slovenian language. He said if he was there for about a week he could understand probably everything. How come you have not done a post about 9/11 before Robert? However, in terms of vocabulary Ukrainian is closer to Polish, from which it has borrowed a large number of words. I will also say that it is a fact that a British intelligence linked terrorist Anas al-Liby recruited by MI6 to kill Gadaffi in 96 was involved in the African Embassy bombings. A Moravian Czech speaker (Eastern Czech) and a Bratislavan Slovak (Western Slovak) speaker understand each other very well. a person with Virgin ears from any where in the Czech republic and west and central Slovakia will understand each other fairly well. I admit that my prehistoric learning of Russian (1985-1990) made it easier for me to guess the meaning of words izpolzovana a saestvuvat (which have the same meaning in Russian), but I think that I could guess it even from the context. The Macedonian spoken near the Serbian border is heavily influenced by Serbo-Croatian and is quite a bit different from the Macedonian spoken towards the center of Macedonia. For example, British Sign Language (BSL) and American Sign Language (ASL) are quite different and mutually unintelligible, even though the hearing people of the United Kingdom and the United States share the same spoken language. Not everyone within each of the three broad dialect areas speaks Yiddish in the same way -- there are sub-dialects, but they are mutually intelligible. As for mutual intelligibility, learned exposure aside, Ive never had much of a fun time in any area of western or northern Serbia that wasnt Belgrade; my lack of a pitch accent system (where Serbian has four accents, Ni has independent accent and length that seldom coincide with the norm); I cannot for the life of me make sense of umadija or Vojvodina Serbian (these are considered the normative core of Serbian) without resorting to asking the other party to slow down and having myself talk slower. How mutually intelligible are Ukrainian and Russian? : r/ukraine 4. How much Slovene can your average Chakavian speaker understand? Together with the basic norm used in Bulgaria, there also exists a Macedonian norm, which (sao=also?) Menu. In some respects, all Slavic languages have a lot in common. Linguistic distance is the relative degree of difference between languages or dialects. Im pretty sure things are identical in Belarus, if not worse afaik knowledge of Belarusian there is not too widespread in the first place. Pannonian Rusyn is actually a part of Slovak, and Rusyn proper is really a part of Ukrainian. Hello, can you tell me, how much Kajkavian can your average Chakavian speaker understand in percentage? Russian is also 85% mutually intelligible with Belarusian and Ukrainian in writing. Like rano i utro or kanapa dywan kawior. Russia Invades Ukraine pt XII | TideFans.com Ni Torlak uses a definite suffix, -ta/-to/-ti/-te/-ta (fem.sg/neu.sg/masc.pl/fem.pl/neu.pl), but less frequently than Macedonian does, and only in the nominative; it doesnt have a distance contrast as it does in standard Macedonian but it isnt even present in Serbian to begin with Molise Croatian is a Croatian language spoken in a few towns in Italy, such as Acquaviva Collecroce and two other towns. According to Ethnologue, there are more than 7,000 languages in the world, with some being more difficult to learn than others. Ukrainian pronounces the "o" as "o" whereas Russians pronounce it typically as an "a." The Ukrainian "" and "" have different pronunciations compared to their Russian equivalents, "" and "". Give me a figure in % for the Rusyn if you would. From some reason, the Hutsul, Lemko, andBoiko dialects of the Rusyn language are much more comprehensible to Russians than Standard Ukrainian is. Was he from Belgrade or Novi Sad or Nis? There is as much Czech literature and media as Slovak literature and media in Slovakia, and many Slovaks study at Czech universities. Post 1991, g has returned. I hope you will like it and will be useful for your researches! Perhaps you would care to explain why the FBI has NOT charged Osama Bin Ladin with 9/11 but with the African Embassy bombings. Can I communicate in Polish in Ukraine? - Ukraine Forum I have also friends from Central Macedonia (Prilep, Bitola) and I can tell how different they speak from the Skopjian dialect. This is heartening, although Kajkavian as an existing spoken lect also needs to be recognized as a living language instead of a dialect of Croatian, whatever that word means. Bulgarian lexics does not seem to be familiar to Macedonians, what shows that Macedonian has been for too much time separated from the contact with Bulgarian which made Bulgarian unknown for Macedonian ear. The intelligibility of Serbo-Croatian and Macedonian is highly controversial, and intelligibility studies are in order. This is simply not the case. let me guess, British bankers/Zionists/Rosthchild family/British oil companies/British special forces/Mossad was behind it? I would say that Macedonian is about 25% intelligible to a Serbian speaker that was never exposed to Macedonian. Polish is the most incomprehensible Slavic language for other Slavs, both spoken and written. This makes Polish a much much easier language to learn than Russian. Around 80% comprehension, it gets hard to talk about complex or technical things. Polish and Ukrainian have higher lexical similarity at 72%, and Ukrainian intelligibility of Polish is ~50%+. A Serb gave me this information. Russian speakers are also likely to understand some Bulgarian, along with other Slavic languages to a lesser extent. If we follow this line of reasoning, it would be correct to conclude that English is highly intelligible to Serbian speakers because most Serbs speak English. As a non-Ukrainian (as well as non-Polish) native speaker, I can understand Ukrainian through Polish more easily than Russian, even though I actually studied Russian formally, but never Ukrainian-:) . Kajkavian is fairly uniform across its speech area, whereas Chakavian is more diverse (Jembrigh 2014). Do you speak Boyko or Hutsul? Slobozhan Russian can also be called Kuban Russian or Balachka. In addition, Balachka language associations believe it is a separate language. As a native Russian speaker, I noticed that my understanding of Polish went from 20% to 70% in a matter of hours when watching a film in Polish with subtitles. That is a particularly ugly version of nationalism brewing in your vicinity. So, when you're learning the Polish alphabet, all you have to pay attention to are the special accents and the pronunciation. However Serbian, Bosnian, and Croatian are not like Czech and Slovak. Mutual Intelligibility of Languages in the Slavic Family. Much like Nordic languages. For me having learnt some Slavic languages and watching Bulgarian TV was not very difficult. Russian: 15% spoken, 25% written For example, the varieties of Chinese are often considered a single language even though there is usually no mutual intelligibility between geographically separated varieties. Its a nasty drug, and I hear its addicting. PDF Mutual Intelligibility Among the Slavic Languages If youre learning multiple languages at once, pairing similar languages is a great way to maximize your studying. This has, however, more to do with the new Ukrainian norm. Polish ~ Kashubian . I think it was mostly due to a learning few high frequency Polish words that are difficult for a Russian native speaker to understand. Serbo-Croatian has only 20% intelligibility of Ukrainian. Your email address will not be published. . General Musharraf says that Sheikh, who orchestrated the abduction, was recruited by MI6 while he was studying at the London School of Economics and sent to the Balkans to take part in jihad operations there. 99% of people in Ukraine are bilinguals who essentially speak and learn both Russian and Ukrainian from birth (although depending on the region, ones prevailence over the other varies). I can understand about 50% 75% of Bulgarian and Macedonian enough to get buy and carry on a conversation. Woof woof! Written intelligibility was only calculated for a number of language pairs. However, Chakavian magazines are published even today (Jembrigh 2014). My father once read an article in polish and he said he understood almost everything, but when its spoken he said about 60%. Although even if they stuck to Polish/Ukrainian, they'd probably still understand each other. Robert does look at these stories. Standard Czech and standard Slovak is almost totally intelligible (I would say about 90%) only very few words are of different origin. ????? When we do intelligiblity studies, we look for virgin ears or people who have not heard the other language much or at all. Slovenians, Macedonians and Bulgars used to be one nation called Sklaveni and they were living in the south Hungary. Some people in Croatia asked me if I speak Kajkavian when I spoke Slovenian with my friends. Also how much of Rusyn do Russians understand on a % basis? The dialects of Ukrainian do not differ extensively from one another and are all mutually intelligible. How Similar are the Ukrainian and Russian Languages? - GreekReporter.com Russian. He said he is frequent visitor in Poland and therefore he speaks Polish. Yulia Skadchenko on LinkedIn: #litranslators #russiantranslator # "The Linguistic Innovation Emerging From Rohingya Refugees." OMG! Belarussian and Ukrainian have 85% similar vocabulary. No there is not. If you speak Russian, you might be surprised at how much Ukrainian you understand. Like a shits to o. Re: Cz/Slo Ukrainian much less comprehensible. I can easily translate the first two sentences: Bulgarian is the oldest documented Slavic language. The key problem of Bulgarian is the different gramar the lack of declination and the use of postpositive articles. Cheers brothers and sisters! Hutsul, Lemko, Boiko speech (small Ukrainian/Rusyn dialects) stangely enough, more comprehensible than standard Ukrainian. I am not saying this to slam Ukrainians, but just an observation. She stated that Czech and Slovak are mutually intelligible and that the main differences between the two languages is that Slovak has somewhat of a Hungarian inflluence, and Czech has more of a German and Latin component. Polish is spoken outside of Poland by Polish diaspora groups in countries like Ukraine, Belarus, Germany, Canada, and the United Kingdom. No, you cannot. Thank you very much for this. In linguistics, mutual intelligibility is a relationship between languages or dialects in which speakers of different but related varieties can readily understand each other without prior familiarity or special effort. I would hazzard to say that Polish and Czech languages are at minimum 50% Intelligible and comprehensible between Poles and Czechs (when spoken with normal pace ) and at least 60-70% . The Aegean Macedonian dialects mostly spoken in Greece, such as the Lerinsko-Kostursko and Solunsko-Vodenskadialects, sound more Bulgarian than Macedonian. Are belarusian and russian mutually intelligible? - AskingForAnswer I have no problems understanding the Torlakian dialect. Or maybe you are just a gatekeeper. Languages can also be mutually intelligible only in spoken forms such as Polish and Ukrainian or only in written forms such as Icelandic and Faroese. English professor. Serbo-Croatian has variable intelligibility of Macedonian, averaging ~55%, while Nis Serbians have ~90% intelligibility with Macedonian. If, for example, one language is related to another but has simplified its grammar, the speakers of the original language may understand the simplified language, but less vice versa. Ukrainian language | Britannica Glad to hear you are steering clear of it. How many English speakers know Serbo-Croatian? non-Shtokavian dialects: Kajkavian, Chakavian and Torlakian) diverge more significantly from all four normative varieties. Intelligibility may be 85%. I will also send you a copy so you can look over the Serbo-Croatian part and tell me if there are any errors. .Interestingly, Ukrainians can understand the Russian language better than the Russians would understand the Ukrainian. It is also said that West Slovak (Bratislava) cannot understand East Slovak, so Slovak may actually two different languages, but this is controversial. Its also said that Serbo-Croatian can understand Bulgarian and Macedonian, but this is not true. The biggest Slavic language by far is Russian, which has 154 million native speakers and over 258 million speakers in total.