R. Greer, The Published Illustrations of Willy Pogany, The IBIS Journal No.1, London, (Imaginative Book Illustration Society), 1999. Very little is known about this artist, who created three different sets of illustrations for issues of FitzGeralds Rubaiyat , during the first decade of the 20th century. This lavishly illustrated edition by Vedder was reissued several times in the decade following its first appearance. 48-49). Amtranet Group 6. Rubaiyat recites Surah An-Naba from Al' Quran.Subscribe for more recitations! Rubaiyat Alam. 41-42). For example, there was a new edition with Poganys paintings in 1999, and Dulacs work was reissued in the USA in 1996 (Martin and Mason, pp. In addition, with rising affluence, the book market was expanding, and the Rubaiyat , especially with illustrations or decorations and elegant bindings, made excellent material for attractive, popular versions, presented as gift books, special Christmas editions and calendars (Martin and Mason, pp. My hobbies are painting, crafting . Original illustrations of continental European translations of Khayyams Robit have often been restrained in style, and based on line drawings. Clustering and detection of good and bad rail line anchors from images. Join Facebook to connect with Rubaiyat Alam and others you may know. Both sets of drawings were issued in popular, in some cases, paperback editions of the Rubaiyat . Course Hero, "Rubiyt Study Guide," December 20, 2019, accessed March 4, 2023, https://www.coursehero.com/lit/Rubiyt/. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVES.2014.7063720, Lecturer I (2014 2016)Lecturer II (2016 2022)Senior Lecturer (Present)BRAC University, Programming Language IProgramming Language IIData StructuresAlgorithms, Vice Chancellors award in every semester for outstanding resultPerformance based scholarship, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Counseling Unit of BRAC University organized a workshop, Inhale Peace and, Seven BRAC University students have recently won prizes competing in a, Dr. Sabreena Ahmed, Associate Professor, Department of English and Humanities, A cultural program titled " " was organized to celebrate, The school of General Education (henceforth GenEd) is pleased to announce, Brac University | 66 Mohakhali, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh | +880-2-222264051-4, 2023 Brac University. R. Soria, Vedder, Elihu, in Grove Art Online (www.groveart.com), which provides access to J. Turner, ed., The Dictionary of Art (www.oxfordartonline.com/subscriber/article/grove/art/, by subscription), Oxford, 1996. /Filter /FlateDecode 2017 4th International Conference on Advances in Electrical Engineering (ICAEE), 488493. 14-15). Some artists have produced images that seem to bear little relation to the text that contains them. 1986. 2023 Encyclopdia Iranica Foundation, Inc. All Rights Reserved. By using this site, you agree to its use of cookies. Yiming Cao. Rubaiyat Alam I am a PhD candidate in the Economics Department at Boston University. I am a PhD candidate in the Economics Department at Boston University. This directory covers Rubaiyat Alam *All seminars will be held in Waters 329 from 3:45 to 5:00 p.m. unless otherwise specified*, Monday, Jan 23 - Ge Song, University of Colorado at BoulderPaper: "Trade Liberalization and Firms Corruption Engagement: Theory and Evidence from China", Friday, Jan 27 - Dan Yu, University of Minnesota at Twin citiesPaper: "The Value of Certification to Consumers: Evidence from the U.S. Organic Food Market", Monday, Jan 30 - Rubaiyat Alam, Boston UniversityPaper: "Quality choice with reputation effects: Evidence from hospices in California", Thursday, April 6 -- Antonio Galvao, Michigan State UniversityPaper: TBA, Thursday, April 27 - Teresa Harrison, Drexel UniversityPaper: TBA, 1603 Old Claflin Place, Manhattan, KS 66506, 785-532-7357 | 785-532-6919 fax | econ@k-state.edu, "Trade Liberalization and Firms Corruption Engagement: Theory and Evidence from China", "The Value of Certification to Consumers: Evidence from the U.S. Organic Food Market", "Quality choice with reputation effects: Evidence from hospices in California". His work is in strong contrast to that of the next major illustrator, Gilbert James (fl. Byeo Rhee Bak. Effect of Dietary Pattern on Nutritional Status of Prisoner. A ruba'i is a four-line stanza, similar to a quatrain, which originated in the poetry of Persia, or Iran. See the complete profile on LinkedIn and discover Rubaiyat's connections and jobs at similar companies. Address . Department of Computer Science and Engineering . *This grey text block is hidden and will not show up on the published site.*. It was not until 1898 that the publication of illustrated editions began to take off. University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCITechn.2015.7488072, Khan, R. A., Islam, S., & Biswas, R. (2014). Course Hero. The life and work of Edmund Dulac (1882-1953) is much better documented. This course uses economic theory and empirics to investigate healthcare markets, and understand the trade-offs involved in policy-making. All office hours will be held via Zoom. From then on, as the chart shows, the trickle of illustrated editions became a flood, reaching a peak in the years 1909-10 (FIGURE 4); 1909 marked the 50th anniversary of the publication of FitzGeralds first edition and the 100th anniversary of his birth. Analysis of Food quality and Food Adulterants from Different Departmental & Local Grocery Stores by Qualitative Analysis for Food Safety. All rights reserved. Following Chenzi Xuand Jonathan Dingels lists for international finance and trade, I am keeping a list of job market candidates in industrial organization. The work of P. Zenker (dates unknown, published 1924) in France, and Endre Szasz (1926-2003) in Hungary, has been frequently reissued in those countries. Real-time fire detection using enhanced color segmentation and novel foreground extraction. Candidates below are listed alphabetically by university, then first name. His colorful impressionistic style has an orientalist feel to it. Skills. I strongly recommend you make sure that you receive class emails. A detailed list of topics is given, This course fulfills a single unit in the BU Hub areas Quantitative. W. H. Martin and S. Mason, The Art of Omar Khayyam: Illustrating FitzGeralds Rubaiyat , London, 2007. As an investor, which of the. Many of them were key figures in the art nouveau movement, including Edmund Dulac, Rene Bull, Robert Anning Bell and Jessie King. Elihu Vedder (1836-1923) was an established artist in the United States when he was commissioned to create the first portfolio of illustrations for FitzGeralds Rubaiyat . Spring 2022, Spring 2021. -C@V PN ,
,)}`0iGcMun54B\@e\7~kkx/cSj Rubiyt Study Guide. /Length 439 The earliest translations of Khayyams Rubaiyat published in the West do not contain illustrations. Semantic Scholar's Logo. CASEC 387 - Introduction to Health Economics. Course Hero. 19-21). It is not surprising that some of the interpretations presented are uncompromisingly Western in their imagery; these include the initial version by Elihu Vedder (FIGURE 2). A. Horne, The Dictionary of 20th Century British Book Illustrators , Woodbridge, (Antique Collectors Club), 1994. Boston University. PhD Candidate. This study guide for Omar Khayym's Rubiyt offers summary and analysis on themes, symbols, and other literary devices found in the text. Upload them to earn free Course Hero access! FitzGerald's The Rubiyt of Omar Khayym introduced Persian poetry to the West. Professor Alam's class is lecture heavy but his notes are amazing and very thorough. The manuscript contains several miniature paintings, including at least one attributed to the 15th century painter Behzd (FIGURE 1). PHD CANDIDATE. The Zoom links for instructor and TA, You are encouraged to come to our office hours if you have any questions on the course, To get the most out of office hours, I suggest having precise questions about the. Only 52/BDT is allotted for each prisoner for food and this was too low to provide 2200 kcal per day and responsible authorities should come forward to assure nutrition and health security of prisoners. MB Marialuz Moreno Badia. William H. Martin and Sandra Mason,KHAYYAM, OMAR vi. degree in Computer Science and Engineering from BRAC University in 2014. Although it is not an asset that can be seen or touched, intangible assets are also valuable to an entity, and can influence its, 1- A study finds that the marginal rate of technical substitution between physicians and nurses is -0.77. A great deal of uncertainty surrounds the authorship of the verses that have been attributed to Omar Khayyam. Semantic Scholar is a free, AI-powered research tool for scientific literature, based at the Allen Institute for AI. . Some artists attempted, or were commissioned, to illustrate or illuminate a number of specific quatrains (robiyt). Centuries later in Victorian England, scholar and translator Edward FitzGerald discovered Khayym's writing and was fascinated by its imagery, imagination, and wit. 2.Based on ongoing research project with Rena Conti. In most cases, artists, other than the Iranians, worked from some translation or other of Khayyams original text. Teresa Harrison, Drexel University Paper: TBA . In terms of Western countries, illustrations by new artists are particularly evident in editions from France, Germany, Hungary, the Netherlands, and Spanish speaking countries. Within each toggle, the content is placed as a bulleted list in a [Name Placeholder] ([School]) [any other information that should be included] format. PhD Candidate. 3.Very preliminary results, subject to change. The content gets easier as the semester goes on (which is a bit odd) and he curves very generously. There are also illustrators of the Rubaiyat from as far afield as South Africa (Hope Beck - dates unknown, published 1950) and Uzbekistan (M. Karpuzas - dates unknown, published 1997; FIGURE 9). Rubaiyat Alam at Boston University (BU) in Boston, Massachusetts has taught: CASEC 387 - Introduction to Health Economics. Translations into Italian, KHAYYAM, OMAR xiii. See the complete profile on LinkedIn and discover Rubaiyat's connections and jobs at similar companies. (2019, December 20). Dulacs art nouveau, orientalist paintings, epitomize, for many, the golden age of Rubaiyat illustration (FIGURE 5). Facebook gives people the power to. You can change the address I use through the class web page. Rubaiyat's education is listed on their profile. 25-27). 44 0 obj Other images are not only beautiful in themselves, but also serve to interpret, to illuminate, the verses to which they refer. R. Alam. The plural form is rubiyt. Semantic Scholar profile for R. Alam, with 1 highly influential citations and 3 scientific research papers. 1949) and Mamud Farin (b. s'+ t:EIHg&mc[`oC?RN_&[8 The main exception is Sir Frank Brangwyn (1867-1956) whose artistic output ranged from major paintings and murals through book illustrations and posters to the decoration of furniture and ceramics (Horner, p.7). The approach adopted to illustrating the text has also varied. View Rubaiyat Alam's business profile as PhD Candidate In Economics at Boston University. Favorite professor in the economics department by far! The poem comprises a sequence of these four-line stanzas. https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2014.6957919, Islam, S., Khan, R. A., & Biswas, R. (2014). In the middle of the 20th century, there were also notable contributions from John Buckland-Wright (1897-1954), also British, who contributed delicate line drawings to a famous edition by the Golden Cockerel Press, and from Arthur Szyk (1894-1951), a well-known American artist of Polish origin (Martin and Mason, pp. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. View Rubaiyat Alam's profile on LinkedIn, the world's largest professional community. One of the earliest of the modern illustrated editions of the Robit from Iran is Sadeq Hedayats (deq edyat) selection of the Persian verses published in 1934. The earliest known illustrated version of the Rubaiyat dates from around 1500, and was published in a facsimile edition by the Indian scholar Mafuz ul-Haq in 1939 (Mafuz ul-Haq, pp. Monday, Jan 30 - Rubaiyat Alam, Boston University Paper: "Quality choice with reputation effects: Evidence from hospices in California" Thursday, April 6 -- Antonio Galvao, Michigan State University . A couple of artists of Indian origin, Mera K Sett (dates unknown, published 1914) and Abanindro Nath Tagore (1871-1951), were early illustrators of the Rubaiyat ; Setts black and white work is an example of the very symbolic way in which some artists have approached this poem. Room: 80812 Building: 08 Postal Address: 66, Mohakhali, Dhaka 1212. Aaron Ahlstrom Aaron Beeler Aaron Brakoniecki Aaron Brunner Aaron Fogel Aaron Garrett Aaron Goldberg Aaron Ho Aaron Katz Aaron Kesseli Aaron Sheehan Aaron Stevens Aaron Worth Abbas Attarwala Abdoulaye Ndao Abdulrahman Atta Abhijit Sarid Abigail Bodnar Abigail Gillman Abigail Sullivan. Mirtha Cabello. 1 - Awful. Rajni Arunkumar. Department. 1603 Old Claflin Place, Manhattan, KS 66506 . Explore Course Hero's library of literature materials, including documents and Q&A pairs. FitzGerald translated many of Khayym's verses, adding his own thoughts and rearranging the narrative order into a transcreation published in 1859. The course website is on Blackboard Learn. Illustrations Of English Translations Of The Rubaiyat. The aim is to evaluate the presence of adulterant from daily uses food materials like Milk, Butter, Edible oil, Honey, Pulses, Wheat Flour, Black Pepper, Chilli powder, Coffee powder which the authors collected from different departmental and local grocery stores and checked the existence of individual adulterants by biochemical qualitative analysis. View the profiles of professionals named "Rubaiyat Alam" on LinkedIn. Key names in the art deco tradition who tackled the Rubaiyat in the 1920s were the British artists Anne Fish (1890-1964), Doris Palmer (d. 1931; FIGURE 8) and Ronald Balfour (1896-1941). 2023. xUMo0W(Rn+wvp';{C=lC$H>AOPHT(,\20=ycx1L Rubaiyat does research in Hepatology, Pediatrics and Gastroenterology. 4 Mar. Search 206,796,686 papers from all fields of science. 1909 also saw the publication of the first set of illustrations created by the Hungarian artist Willy Pogany (1882-1955). The book is also one of the most frequently and widely illustrated of all literary works, a remarkable feat for a work that is relatively short in length and abstract in content. The artists and their work . These usually contain the original Persian Robiyt , along with translations in various other languages, usually lavishly decorated with illustrations by modern Iranian artists (FIGURE 7; Martin and Mason, pp 25-27). Recent Semesters Teaching. dr.rubaiyat@yahoo.com. This is an online course. PhD Candidate In Economics . The remarkable growth in interest in this one collection of verses reflects both the attraction of the verses themselves and the philosophy inherent in them (as interpreted by Edward FitzGerald), as well as the concurrent developments in printing technology that enabled book illustrations to be presented in a cheaper and more attractive form. Meanwhile, from the 1870s onwards, there was a regular flow of new editions of the Rubaiyat , but without illustrations, including other translations into English, as well as into French, German and other languages. The poem comprises a sequence of these four-line stanzas. Coursicle. Dulacs famous work was among the 15 new illustrated editions in 1909 alone (FIGURE 5). z7=+f1Sx(bQ)c=fA?x Accessed March 4, 2023. https://www.coursehero.com/lit/Rubiyt/. high-Tc cuprate superconductors, transition metal oxides and excitonic insulators where interactions between many degrees of freedom lead to exotic quantum phases. Averitt Research Group UCSD Physics Department, UCSD undergrad now grad student at Princeton, Assistant Professor in Physicsat Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Jingdi Zhang: Assistant Professor in Physicsat Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Ian Hammock grad studentin Physics at U. Chicago, starting 2020, Ananya Rai grad student in Physics at Yale, starting2020, Gulnara Fazulina: UCSD undergrad now grad student at UC Boulder, Josh Ruby:UCSD Undergrad now Mechanical Engineer at Apple, Mustafa Ali:UCSD Undergrad, now grad student at UCSD, Noah Ratcliff:UCSD Undergrad, now grad student at UCSB. Skip to search form Skip to main content Skip to account menu. . [CV] [Research statement] [Teaching statement]. /Length 441 The format is Candidate Name (University) [link] JMP Title. The history of Rubaiyat illustration . . on KHAYYAM, OMAR VI. But interest picked up again from 1917, and there are few years in the entire period up to the present day in which there has not been either a new illustrated edition of the Rubaiyat , or a reissue of an existing version (Martin and Mason, p. 13); the 2001 edition illustrated by Andrew Peno is an example of a recent work (FIGURE 6). We will study how patients, insurers, and healthcare providers make strategic decisions in different policy environments. Rubaiyat Alam. Recent Courses. Engg. I am on the 2022-2023 Economics job market and will be available for interviews. Criminological Aspects of Meat Misbranding at Dhaka City in Bangladesh, The ultimate goal of this study was to investigate the level of meat misbranding and adulteration from slaughterhouses, which is an indirect criminal activity according to the food law. Department of Economics. endstream PhD Candidate. While British translator Edward FitzGerald (180983) certainly influences the text, the title credits the poem to its attributed author, Omar Khayym. Find contact's direct phone number, email address, work history, and more. 1. 785-532 . As the global economy has rebounded from the impact of the coronavirus pandemic, An intangible asset is an asset that has no physical substance. Musical Works Based On The Rubaiyat, KHAYYAM, OMAR xiv. Rubaiyat has 2 jobs listed on their profile. Pogany settled in the United States and produced illustrations for many other books, including two further and rather different portfolios for the Rubaiyat , published in 1930 and 1942 respectively (Greer, pp. He is very kind and his office hours are great. Free Tools . Course Hero. While British translator Edward FitzGerald (1809-83) certainly influences the text, the title credits the poem to its attributed author, Omar Khayym. Z. Kount has completed assignments on several issues and you are, LEARNING TASK 1. EC387 Practice Midterm Spring 2017 Solutions(1), ECON 157 - Problem Set #1 - Solution Key - Corrected, 1. He clearly wants to see his students succeed and improve. Tanvir Ghani is the Co-Founder & President at Tybourne Capital, one of the largest hedge funds in Asia peaking at over US$8 billion in assets under management (AUM), active in both public markets and private equity. (2015). Estimation and application of dynamic games. Communications Director, Marketing . Illustrations Of English Translations Of The Rubaiyat,Encyclopdia Iranica,online edition, 2009,available at http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/khayyam-omar-illustrations-of-english-translations (accessed on 15 July 2009). PhD Program Administrator. View the profiles of people named Rubaiyat Alam. Sadeq Hedayat, Tarnah-ye ayym , Tehran, 1934. Loop is the open research network that increases the discoverability and impact of researchers and their work. Find contact's direct phone number, email address, work history, and more. Bangladesh Confounded and leading the commercial and technical operations for the newest ocean going vessels company in Bangladesh with the dream to double the fleet size by 2024. *This grey text block is hidden and will not show up on the published site.*. Leads by Industry . . His office hours are awesome and he does a really good job of explaining concepts clearly and intuitively. Others aimed to show the general subject matter or feel of the poem, without emphasizing the particular images in the verses. School Boston University Course Title HF 210 Uploaded By ptny1999 Pages 4 E. FitzGerald, The Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam (4th ed.) Information about your use of this site is shared with Google. !. Directions: From the two graphs presented below, compare and contrast the movement of the Php10,000 invested in Bank Time Deposit and in Stock Equities. Sir Edward Burne-Jones (1833-1898), the pre-Raphaelite artist, also created some illustrations for a one-off copy of the Rubaiyat , hand produced by William Morris in 1872 (Braesel, pp. Automatic detection of defective rail anchors. Attended Bangladesh University of Business & Technology - BUBT Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh. PhD Candidate. His two portfolios of illustrations for the Rubaiyat , published in the early years of the 20th century were based on small oil paintings, some of which are still extant. material instead of asking me to repeat a large portion of the lecture. As might be expected, the variety of types and technique of illustration is enormous, reflecting the general trends in artistic styles and forms in the period. "Rubiyt Study Guide." There are few well-known general artists among the Rubaiyat illustrators. S. Houfe, The Dictionary of 19th Century British Book Illustrators and Caricaturists , Woodbridge, (Antique Collectors Club), 1978. 20 Dec. 2019. Many artists adopted what can be called an orientalist view of their subjects, while there are some who have retained more of a sense of traditional Persian imagery (Martin and Mason, pp. xK0sL%j+>. Seen from the standpoint of the early 21st century, it is the phenomenon of Rubaiyat illustration as well as the work of individual artists that is of interest. Join . These editions have been illustrated less frequently than those of FitzGeralds text, but quite a number do contain illustrations, some reissuing work that the artists originally created for FitzGerald editions; work by Dulac, James and Pogany has been used in this way. Open Seat Checker. in Computer Science and Engineering, BRAC University, Bangladesh (2017)BSc. They will be glad to hear from any copyright holders that they have not been able to find so far. vi. The range of illustrations for the Rubaiyat is wide, and the work varies in quality as well as popularity. Impact On Literature And Society In The West. Two other artists of particular note in terms of Rubaiyat illustration are Edmund Sullivan (1869-1933) and Gordon Ross (1873-1946), both of whom attempted the difficult task of illustrating every one of the 75 quatrains from FitzGeralds first edition. Born and educated in France, he moved to London in 1906 and became a British citizen in 1912. A ruba'i is a four-line stanza, similar to a quatrain, which originated in the poetry of Persia, or Iran. 327 Waters Hall. sent via email from Blackboard. 34 0 obj Evidence from BlaBlaCar. His well-known illustrations for the Rubaiyat were first published in the anniversary year of 1909, following his earlier work on The Arabian Nights and Shakespeares The Tempest (Houfe, p. 123-24). Room: 80812 Building: 08 Postal Address: 66, Mohakhali, Dhaka 1212, MSc. Rubayat has received his BSc. << M. Braesel, William Morris, Edward Burne-Jones and The Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam Apollo 159/2, February, 2004. 04478444060, Ranks Tell Ext - 5062 rubayat.ahmed@bracu.ac.bd . Download a PDF to print or study offline. through the course website so please check it regularly. He spent nearly a year in Rome working on ideas for his illustrations and the resulting images have something of a classical feel about them, although his drawings have been called some of the earliest examples of Art Nouveau in America (Soria in Grove Art Online;FIGURE 2). Course Hero. 1950s), and osayn Behzd (1894-1968), which appears in Iranian editions from the late 1950s onwards, is more modern in feel, while retaining the format and some of the imagery of the Persian miniatures (FIGURE 10). The chart shows that the number of new illustrated Rubaiyat s subsided in subsequent years, particularly in the middle years of World War I (FIGURE 4). In this study, By clicking accept or continuing to use the site, you agree to the terms outlined in our. How many physicians are required to replace 5 nurses, and still produce the same amount of, You have just been asked by your employer, MusicTech, Inc., [ MTI ] to review the work of one of its work study interns, Z. Kount. Disclaimer 1.Slides made by Rubaiyat Alam. . Select Course Code * Select Course Code. This site uses cookies from Google to deliver its services and to analyze traffic. %PDF-1.5 The resulting poem discusses the inevitability of death, the failure of religion to answer deep human questions, and the joys of earthly pleasures, like wine. Professor. The illustrations in it, attributed to Darvi, are very traditional in style, whereas the work of artists such as Moammad and Akbar Tajwidi (fl. 1930) are much more flamboyant and non-traditional in presentation (FIGURE 7; Martin and Mason, pp. Phone Email. FitzGeralds 4th edition, published in 1879, had a frontispiece Persian drawing, but the picture refers to his translation of Jmis Salmn o Absl (see JMI i), which was presented in the same volume. (Optional) Enter email address if you would like feedback about your tag. Professors at Boston University | Coursicle BU. 2014 17th IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems, ITSC 2014, 15831588. ILLUSTRATIONS OF ENGLISH TRANSLATIONS OF THE RUBAIYAT, KHAYYAM, OMAR vi. He has received his MSc. Rubaiyat Alam currently works at the Pediatric Gastroenterology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University. (EEE), Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET) B.Sc. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICAEE.2017.8255405, Islam, S., & Khan, R. A. 1895-1926), whose illustrations for the Rubaiyat were first published separately, in black and white, mainly in the periodical The Sketch between 1896 and 1898 (FIGURE 3). . Topics of interest are: Competition between healthcare providers Estimation and application of dynamic games I am on the 2022-2023 Economics job market and will be available for interviews. Since then it has mesmerized readers worldwide with its clever philosophical insight and celebration of life in the here and now. j4v3?fZO~PXqu3/M759VY.yI^~u_w The first fully illustrated version of the Rubaiyat in the West is that published in Boston, USA, in 1884 by Houghton Mifflin, based on FitzGeralds third edition, with drawings specially commissioned from the American artist Elihu Vedder (FIGURE 2; Martin and Mason, pp. He too had something of an orientalist approach to the imagery of the Rubaiyat , though his work is less elaborate in style. Find contact and company information for business people in our free business information database. Rubaiyat Alam Professor in the Economics department at Boston University 100% Would take again 3 Level of Difficulty Rate Professor Alam I'm Professor Alam Submit a Correction Professor Alam 's Top Tags Amazing lectures Clear grading criteria Gives good feedback Caring Check out Similar Professors in the Economics Department 5.00 James Feigenbaum