c. in the synapse. The parasympathetic division includes the pelvic nerves. That part of the nervous system that is voluntary and conducts impulses from the CNS to the skeletal muscles is the ________ nervous system. B They have extreme longevity. 13. b. polymorphism. These neurons are inhibitory neurons, meaning they release neurotransmitters that keep other neurons from firing. Which of the following is an excitatory neurotransmitter secreted by motor neurons innervating skeletal muscle? Define neurotransmitter. Identify the neuron type described: A functional neuron type most prevalent in the CNS. b. cingulate cortex. a. 9. c. lead to foreign substances entering the brain from the circulatory system. Many drugs that produce highly enjoyable effects likely do so by affecting the: That part of the nervous system that is voluntary and conducts impulses from the CNS to the skeletal muscles is the ________ nervous system. 19. b. Ventral root High mitotic rate B. C) acetylcholine d. proteins. The frequency of impulse transmission indicates the stimulus intensity and the brain responds appropriately. a. meninges. What do neurons synapse with? Cells may have long extensions. a. on dendrites. (a) dendrites (b) cell body (c) myelin (d) axon terminal. 100% (3 ratings) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of neurons? What are the different types of neurons in the ANS and where are they located? a. astrocytes play a role in neurotransmission. C) An inhibitory postsynaptic potential occurs if the inhibitory effect is greater than the excitatory, causing hyperpolarization of the membrane. d) There, In order for skeletal muscle cells to contract, they must be excited by motor neurons. 5. Question. What quantity of mercury spills over when heated to 75.0C75.0{\degree} \mathrm{C}75.0C ? Which of the following is NOT a type of circuit? order to draw a diagram in her notebook. They are the fundamental units that send and receive signals which allow us to move our muscles, feel the external world, think, form memories and much more. b. Saltatory conduction is made possible by ________. Which of the following is NOT a function or characteristic of neurons? taking the substance. D) spinal cord and spinal nerves, The substance released at axon terminals to propagate a nervous impulse is called a(n) ________. d. Autonomic Nervous System, 21. Ans: they are mitotic Unli . copyright 2003-2023 Homework.Study.com. Their basic function is to receive and transmit information through electrical impulses. The reticular activating system includes all of the following structures except: b. inhibit axon growth. 67. In doing so, mention: a) the names of the neurons involved, b) where the neurons synapse with each other (2 possible ganglia), c) what Nt is released from each of the neurons. The characteristic neurologic picture including loss of consciousness, temporary respiratory arrest, and loss of reflexes. a. reduced cerebrospinal fluid. Neurons can function optimally for over 100 years. 12. Which of the following is not a characteristic of ion channels? A) An excitatory postsynaptic potential occurs if the excitatory effect is greater than the inhibitory effect but less than threshold. Similar to hormones, NO and CO promote longer-lasting effects by acting through intracellular second-messenger molecules. Be d. pineal gland. c. Activation of preganglionic parasympathetic neurons The point where a motor neuron meets a muscle fiber is called the: What parts of a neuron are completely contained within a ganglion? a. Amygdala a. inhibit the production of neurotrophins. Use Equation v=v0+atv=v_0+a tv=v0+at to show that the time corresponding to the velocity found in part (a) is t=v0v022ax0at=\frac{-v_0 \pm \sqrt{v_0^2-2 a x_0}}{a}t=av0v022ax0. ________ potentials are short-lived, local changes in membrane potential that can be either depolarized or hyperpolarized. Therefore, the axon can release one or more neurotransmitters simultaneously, creating singular or multiple events. spindle fibres to divide the cell. Select the correct statement regarding synapses. Briefly describe 6 effects this division has on the body. A patient is admitted to the hospital with exacerbation of multiple sclerosis (MS). Name the two other neuron types which are cholinergic. When information is delivered within the CNS simultaneously by different parts of the neural pathway, the process is called ________ processing. This results in increased speed of impulse propagation. Just what does pass from the neurons to the muscle c. Neurons are specialized cells that can do which of the following that most other cells cannot do? b. that a person is genetically female. A) a change in sodium ion permeability (c) They have an exceptionally high metabolic rate. C) negatively charged and contains more sodium c. nucleus accumbens. d. M1 microglial cells. The Quadratic Formula from Kinematics In this problem we show how the kinematic equations of motion can be used to derive the quadratic formula. d. Nuclei. C) neurotransmitter c. cause the release of neurotrophins. Anatomy and Physiology questions and answers. What distinguishes nerve cells and other excitable membranes (e.g., muscle cells) is that they are capable of changing their resting potential. This disease causes gradual muscle stiffness . C) opening of voltage-regulated channels the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system. d. Sensory efferent neurons po. conditions in Russian society that led to the Revolution of 1917. What symptoms would a nurse focus on in his or her care of a patient with multiple sclerosis? The interior of a neuron is composed of cytoplasm and a gel that is called. What should the nurse explain to the patient regarding the role of serotonin and depression? b. it provides a medium for nutrients to cells. If a neuroscientist described a structure as more lateral to a particular area, this means that: 73. In what way does the interior surface of a cell membrane of a resting (nonconducting) neuron differ from the external environment? B) provide the defense for the CNS In addition to diffusion, what are two other mechanisms that terminate neurotransmitter activity? c. Epigenetics c. preganglionic terminals. Why does a hyperpolarization phase generally follow a repolarization phase in an action potential? Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with an increasing worldwide prevalence. A) support and brace neurons likely true? b. the person has a disease that affects myelin around axons. sure to include the influence of German philosopher Karl Marx in This may account for the cycles of relapse and remission in different patients. likely acting upon? The substance released at axon terminals to propagate a nervous impulse is called a(n) ________. Serotonin is a biogenic amine neurotransmitter widely distributed in the brain, where it plays a role in emotional behavior and helps to regulate the biological clock. Which type of microglial cells promote inflammation? c) Myelin traps sodium ions on the axon an. The pons is activated when someone startles. a. improve working memory. d. tremor. C) Sodium gates in the membrane can open in response to electrical potential changes. What do ANS neurons regulate with regard to mechanical digestion? Which of the following is not characteristic of neurons? d. act as transcription factors. a. hippocampus Which of the following is expected to occur first if the membrane potential decrease shown in the graph on the left were to reach the threshold value indicated at ~ -55 mV? Which of the following is an excitatory neurotransmitter secreted by motor neurons innervating skeletal muscle? It is impossible in a single chapter to delineate comprehensively the extensive structural, topographical and functional variation achieved by this cell type. The function of neurons is to communicate information from one part of the body to other parts. Two subtypes of motor neurons have been identified: inferior and superior. Identify the neuron type described: Two neuron types whose cell bodies are in the spinal cord (CNS). D) positively charged and contains more sodium, If a motor neuron in the body were stimulated by an electrode placed about midpoint along the length of the axon ________. d. The blood-brain barrier, 17. acetylcholine The parasympathetic division includes the splanchnic nerves. In the presence of invading microbes, microglial cells become macrophages to phagocytize the microbes and neuronal debris. The cells communicate by sending signals between different parts of the brain, and the neurons can interface with gray matter nuclei. d. reduce cortical arousal. E) nucleic acid. A second nerve impulse cannot be generated until ________. d. cingulate cortex. a. Myelin insulates neurons, keeping them at a high enough temperature to function well. D) potassium, Nerve cell adhesion molecules (N-CAMs) ________. A. excitability B. neurotransmitter production C. high energy needs D. capability of mitosis. Which of the following correctly describes a graded potential? Name the following: Nervous tissue cells that regulate the chemical environment of neurons. C) Sodium gates will open first, then close as potassium gates open. d. gyri. Methods: Participants were prospectively enrolled . c. provide the defense for the CNS. What are the functional classifications of neurons? They are robust signaling cells. ________ is a disease that gradually destroys the myelin sheaths of neurons in the CNS, particularly in young adults. Upper motor neurons are classified according to the pathways they travel in C. The Babinski response is not characteristic of paralysis from UMN lesions 32. a. Basal ganglia They have high energy requirements (about 20 per. the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system. C) destroy ACh a brief period after its release by the axon endings a. tegmentum. C) neurolemma True or False, The overlapping functions of the nervous system are sensory input, integration, and motor output. c. Extrapyramidal System c. that a person is genetically male. Oligodendrocytes form: c. meninges. Which neurons belong to the efferent pathway? Its cell body is in an autonomic ganglion outside the CNS. myelinated; move from one node of Ranvier to another. d. medulla. Which of the following is true about the movement of ions across excitable living membranes? c. Proteoglycans 1. d. ribosome transcription. d. cerebellum. The cerebral cortex has features called gyri and sulci. The human body is made of about 100 billion neurons. Choose the correct order of these events below. muscles throughout the body? D) ligand-gated channel, An impulse from one nerve cell is communicated to another nerve cell via the ________. 11. b. sympathetic nervous system. The latter from the brain to the spinal cord. b. Microglial cells The autonomic has two divisions: the sympathetic and parasympathetic. If physicians found that inflammation had caused damage to the blood-brain barrier, which A) peripheral and spinal nerves Neurotransmitters are chemical signals used as a means of communication. c. Dendrites and soma The synaptic cleft b. Which of the following are true about neurons? Neurons are found across the body but are most numerous in the brain. If a loud noise made you jump, which structure was most likely responsible for this ___________ are clusters of neuron cell bodies in the sympathetic and parasympathetic The basal ganglia act to stabilize voluntary movements. If the electrode is removed, a potential of zero is recorded again. a. it is not an increase in membrane potential b. causes the voltage of the internal membrane towards zero c. inside the membrane becomes more positive than resting potential d. lowers the probability of producing an action potential e. none of the above. 63. Neurons require continuous and abundant supplies of oxygen, and cannot survive for more than a few minutes without it. B) hyperpolarization The person may have an increase in heart rate. c. basal ganglia. Which of the following statements regarding nervous tissue is not true? Nanoscale integrated circuit technologies have become popular for designing and implementing biologically inspired pulse-based brain systems [1].These advanced Nanoscale devices are implemented in specific defined models of neuronal recording [[2], [3], [4]].Especiallyto replace a dead neuron system with an artificial neuron system to activate the paralyzed body parts. a. Schwann cells b. oligodendrocytes c. astroc, What kind of nerve cells are thought to be helpers for the neurons? Which of the following is NOT a function or characteristic of neurons? specific or different from others in some way that they do not have. D) stimulate the production of acetylcholine, Which of the following is not a function of the autonomic nervous system? Which nervous system subdivision is a chain of two motor neurons consisting of a preganglionic and a postganglionic neuron? Mountainside's local landscaping business totaled approximately $789,400 in sales for the year. b. transcription factors. Polygenic inheritance is the inheritance of traits that are influenced by multiple genes. 6. A) act as a transmitting agent The all-or-none phenomenon as applied to nerve conduction states that the whole nerve cell must be stimulated for conduction to take place. b. Gliosis a. efferent neuron b. afferent neuron c. association neuron d. glial cell, Which of the following is not characteristic of neurons? D) moves membrane potential away from threshold. A) They increase amplitude as they move away from the stimulus point. D) Schwann cells, Schwann cells are functionally similar to ________. [25] designed a voltage output feedback controller, which uses the neural network feed-forward (NNFF) with the harmony search algorithm (HSA) to control the PEMFC output voltage. d. Vagus nerve. a. synapses. b. hypothalamus. c. myelin around axons. 77. a. interneuron. b. Just from looking down a microscope, however, it becomes very clear that not all neurons are the same.
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