The unconstitutional findings exposed by the court ruling uncovered issues within the Texas prison system such as overcrowding, inadequate security (collapsed the building tenders), inadequate healthcare, unsafe working conditions, and severe punishment policies. Hernandez, who was serving a life sentence plus eight years for Travis County convictions of attempted capital murder and illegal possession of a firearm, was the second-in-command of the Texas Syndicate prison gang. 402K subscribers 2 No views 1 minute ago ESPN's Matt Barrie is back for Week 6's Sunday Bloody Sunday to talk through the interim coaches prowess, Alabama's win over Texas A&M, Tennessee. Reporters tried to investigate the roots of Albanian organized crime but have complained that it is too hard to penetrate the structure and organization of the Albanian mafia, but set out that the Albanian mafia acts on the model of the Italian one, whose crime is part of the "activities of entire families" and which has a clearly defined hierarchy. Morales explains, he gets a life sentence and he ends up doing thirty-five, forty years, or whatever before he even comes up for parole. His crew, with his vast illegal interests went to Anthony Salerno. The favor increased from the lighting of a cigarette to mailing letters for the inmates as they claimed to lack stamps to do so. The Albanians are too violent and too unpredictable." Alfred Shkurti (also known as Aldo Bare): The boss of one of the most notorious criminal syndicates in Albania known as the Banda e Lushnjs (The Lushnja Gang). Albanian gangsters were also involved in the largest cash robbery in British crime history, the 53 million (about US$92.5 million at the time of the robbery) Securitas heist in 2006. While Italian gangsters may be three or four generations removed from the old country, the Albanians grew up under brutal communist regimes, engaging in protracted blood feuds with rival clans, and subscribing to a strict code of silence that makes the Italian credo of omert seem playful. He claimed the states justification in charging him was based on the fear of a lawsuit. He was eventually terminated from the Texas Department of Corrections. The fight was merely a distraction. In Del Rio, a federal judge sentenced 29 Uvalde/Hondo-area Texas Syndicate (TS) members over the past two weeks to federal prison, including four defendants to life imprisonment, for various racketeering and drug trafficking offenses committed in Uvalde, San Antonio and the surrounding areas announced United States Attorney Richard L. Durbin, New employment opportunities were too good to pass up for Sandoval and broadly speaking, for Mexican Americans. South Texas Syndicate estimated lease property, in the most recent month of production (10-01-2022), produced 159 bbls of oil and 0 mcf of natural gas. T hirteen people were shot dead on Bloody Sunday and ensured any hope of peace was over. Moreover, the Albanian mafia families are organized in 3-4 or more levels, which enable them to preserve the organizational action capability even in case some of its members or groups are captured. For Sandoval, this was the lighting of an inmates cigarette, a task perceived in the outside world as nonthreatening, but inside the walls of a prison, a very dangerous act. Ruz claimed the Texas Department of Corrections (TDC) prison system violated the U.S. Constitutions 8th Amendment which prohibited cruel and unusual punishment. This was the blood in and blood out membership oath which stipulated that membership was predicated on members either assaulting or murdering someone which was tasked by the prison gang to get in. Eventually we found out that "Eulinda" had already transferred 150 million dollars to Kosovo for "humanitarian purposes", says Bruckert. The panel consisted of acting/front boss Thomas "Tommy Ryan" Eboli, underboss Gerardo "Gerry" Catena and consigliere Michele "Big Mike" Miranda while others served in the advisory capacity, Mike Coppola was considered an influential capo and was used to help the panel. Blacks had a virtual non-existent population in Alice, and the greater South Texas region for that matter. MSU is an affirmative-action, equal-opportunity employer. Ellis I Unit prison guard Patrick Ware described a similar tactic used by inmates related to downing the duck. Ware and numerous other current and former guards testified that gang members commonly try to influence prison officers to smuggle drugs to them. Prominent Albanian Mafioso Alex Rudaj : The boss of the Albanian Mafia's Rudaj Organization based in the New York City area. He had graduated quickly from menial tasks to more important tasks. The video of the event shocked the country and . (Gang Intelligence 101), In 1986, Texas Syndicate member Rogelio Hernandez murders Officer Jose Herrera during an attempted escape from the Webb County Jail. From the time that Sandoval began as a new boot in the summer of 1985 until late 1986, he began to be enveloped into a slippery process of criminal activity that began with something as commonplace as the lighting of an inmates cigarette. These allegations of internal issues of the TDCJ leveraged by Sandoval may not have been directly addressed, however, a new development became the designated base where prison officials addressed criminal concerns inside the walls of Texas prisons. Thirteen. Members of other ethnic groups can be accepted only to execute certain one time or secondary jobs. (Gang Intelligence 101), In 2004, The Raza Unida and Texas Syndicate settle on a truce. His experiences, however, exposed other problems for Mexican Americans. He became the first guard to be charged with homicide. Nicholas "Nick Morello" Terranova took over the 116th Street Mob , and became in boiled in the Mafia-Camorra War. Here is also where the earliest prison gangs were formed. One of these banks was discovered by accident by the Dsseldorf police when they were checking a travel agency "Eulinda" owned by the Albanians. This influenced who the prison gang incorporated into their monetary endeavors. Scholars have employed the phrase mass incarceration to explain and define this increased surge of incarceration in the U.S. that affected people of color, in particular African Americans. "On the 27th of July 1999 police in Durres (Albania), with Italian assistance arrested one of the godfathers of the "Sacra Corona Unita", Puglias Italian Mafia. Some 3,700 people died over the course of the four-decade conflict. History The 116th Street Mob In the early 1890s, a group of five brothers (Antonio, Nicholas, Giuseppe and half-brothers Vincenzo and Ciro Terranova) arrived in New York City from Corleone, Sicily. Like Sandoval, many inmates were both Mexican Americans and Texas residents, thus a sense of comfortability existed between inmate and guard. The rising racial tensions finally bubbled over into bloodshed in the nearby town of Marion on February 18, 1965, when state troopers clubbed protestors and fatally shot 26-year-old Jimmie Lee. International activity Scandinavia "The ethnic Albanian mafia is very powerful and extremely violent," said Kim Kliver, chief investigator for organized crime with the Danish National Police. 14764 03/20/1991 278TH Judicial District Court, Scholarships and Resources for Hispanic and Latino Students. Texas prison . Money has been transferred by the couriers in special waist belts with many pockets. He alleged that internal affairs investigators had beaten him when he was arrested on the murder charge (McKay, 1991). The number racket controlled bookmaking and illegal gambling throughout Harlem and South Bronx making thousands of dollars a year. Accessed on October 10, 2018. https://www.texasmonthly.com/articles/a-guard-in-gangland/ Fourteen died and 13 . Italy Albanian emigrants started arriving at Italian ports in 1991. The details of exactly who he saw murdered were not clear but according to homicide records, the victim was probably Cesario Gonzales who was killed on August 31, 1985. Three days later, the criminals published a note in the leading Brussels newspaper Le Soir , demanding 30 million Belgian francs in ransom. Since the removal of the building tender system many of the old guard force resigned and left many green guards to come in and figure out the new and changing Texas prison system. Sandoval was charged with the murder of Joe Arredondo through the special prison prosecution unit which was founded in 1984 to directly combat the escalation of prison gangs activity. In Television In the " Law and Order: Criminal Intent " episode "Blasters" (Season 6, Episode 9) two former childstars involved in bootlegging ring are being hunted down by the Albanian mob. When SNCC's efforts were frustrated by stiff resistance from Read MoreBloody Sunday Protest March, Selma, Alabama, March 7, 1965 'No reasonable grounds' for arrest of Bloody Sunday paratroopers Crime Ex-paratroopers launch legal bid to halt Bloody Sunday murder inquiry Crime Bloody Sunday arrest could lead to chain of. The history of Ireland: 11 milestone moments. (Associated Press). 50 Years On, Bloody Sunday's Wounds Are Still Felt - The New York Times. Top Gear , a British car show, featured an episode (comedy) in which they tested three luxury automakers; Rolls-Royce Ghost , Mercedes-Benz S-Class , and Bentley Mulsanne , to see which would be best suitable for Albanian Mafia bosses. bloody sunday Dem Leaders Urged to Mark Bloody Sunday by Acting on Voting Rights, Economic Justice "This is no time for foolishness, photo-ops, and flaky commitments," declares a letter from faith leaders including Bishop William Barber II and Rev. This would also provide an insight into the reach of prison gangs like the Texas Syndicate towards prison guards. But they won't go near the Albanian mob. Sandovals attorney, Steve Fischer, had helped Sandoval in his trial by successfully eliminating the option for the prosecutor to illustrate the connection of Sandoval to the criminal activity. With the lack of social mobility due to economic constraints, Mexican Americans were forced into what limited opportunities were afforded to them. Bloody Sunday is a dramatization of the Irish civil rights protest march and subsequent massacre by British troops on January 30, 1972. The case of Luis H. Sandoval, a prison guard in Texas during the 1980s who became allegedly involved in criminal activity for the Texas Syndicate emphasizes this complicated multi-faceted Mexican American experience within the prison setting. However, they still maintain their headquarters in California, where their national president resides, and their numbers continue to reach into state and federal prisons across the US. Photographer Helped Expose Brutality Of Selma's 'Bloody Sunday' : Code Switch Some of the most iconic images of marchers being attacked by Alabama state troopers at the Edmund Pettus Bridge in . Mexican Americans did not hold many of these positions, if any at all. Bloody Sunday Massacre in Russia . Speaking anonymously for Philadelphia's City Paper a member of the " Kielbasa Posse ", an ethnic Polish mob group, declared in 2002 that Poles are willing to do business with "just about anybody. Deep in the bowels of the 4,000-man H. H. Coffield State Prison in east Texas, a young prisoner . Furthermore, the ability of inmates to force the prison administrators to hear their grievances was developed from the successes of prison reform. However, they still maintain their headquarters in California, where their national president resides, and their numbers continue to reach into state and federal prisons across the US. A former car dealership displays a graffiti representation of Bloody Sunday on its boarded facade. Texas Syndicate, a criminal organization whose members and associates engage in acts of violence, including murder, conspiracy to commit murder, extortion and narcotics distribution.. Director Paul Greengrass Writer Paul Greengrass Stars James Nesbitt Tim Pigott-Smith Nicholas Farrell TDC guard indicted in 1986 slaying of inmate. Houston Chronicle. Unfolding in real time we're able to see exactly how the . Draper, Richard. (El Paso Times), On August 17, 1997, Texas Syndicate members murder Gerardo Garcia in the El Paso County Jail. Contemporarily, its population numbers have been consistent and Alice has historically also largely been populated primarily by people of Mexican descent. Between 1961 and 1964, the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) had led a voting registration campaign in Selma, the seat of Dallas County, Alabama, a small town with a record of consistent resistance to black voting. The Texas Syndicate, including its leadership, membership and associates, constitute an "enterprise" as defined by Title 18, United States Code, Section 1961(4), that is, a group of individuals associated in . For incarcerated Mexican Americans from Texas, Tejano identity was seen as an important component by the Texas Syndicate for admission. (TDCJ Security Threat Group Archives), In mid 2002, the Texas Syndicate declares war on the Tango Blast prison gang. While the lawyers made their arguments for and against Sandovals case, Sandoval expressed the states impetus to charge him which he argued was based on an entirely different motivation. Sandoval may have seen these interactions as encouraging, but inmates instead saw vulnerabilities and took advantage. A long, metal objecta homemade knife, or shankprotruded from his jugular. He was stabbed approximately twenty times in the B-Wing of the Ellis I Unit in Huntsville. Ismail Lika : Ismail Lika was an Albanian mobster active in New York City in the 1980s. Fifty-two prisoners were murdered in a 21-month period that became known as the "war years." Over 50 different gangs were represented in our study. It was claimed that Sandoval felt more at home with fellow Hispanics than with the Black inmates, who terrified him (Statistical Atlas, 1991). Le Chiffre is the main villain of the 2006 James Bond film, Casino Royale , portrayed by Danish actor Mads Mikkelsen . The commonly known and widespread narrative goes as follows: At dawn on 9 January, a crowd of workers that were . Analysis: Bloody Sunday was a massive driver of activism and fund-raising within the Irish-American community With the possible exception of April 10th 1998, and May 5th 1981, no date has. While violence is demonstrably visible here, the larger picture was that an economic free market was being fought over for control of the drug trade as well as other illicit economic endeavors. On September 7, 1916 Nicholas Terranova was murdered, giving the Camorra gangs the advantage. As of 2000, the Texas Syndicate had about 19,000 Caught with at least $125 million in heroin, Lika issued a $400,000 contract on the prosecutor Alan Cohen and the detective Jack Delemore, both placed under protective custody. Jose Lopez, founding member of the Texas Mexican Mafia stated, once you know you get out well youre marked by the gang for extermination (Riggs, 2011). Similar parameters also included the Mexican Mafia or La Eme, which formed in California and did not recognize the Texas Mexican Mafia, also known as Mexikanemi from Texas. by C. C. Simmons. (Associated Press), In 1993, the Barrio Azteca brutally beat and murder a Texas Syndicate member in the El Paso county jail causing the Texas Syndicate to alliance its self with the Mexikanemi. Immediately after the trial, the community responded. Agim Gashi : Leader of an Albanian Mafia clan based out of Italy. Total Value: $6,014,687: This group has lacked examination within the frameworks of mass incarceration scholarship, even as these studies continue to exponentially grow. Prior to the creation of this new prosecutorial arm of the Texas prison system, individual prison units handled internal criminal or objectionable acts and handed out punishment that they perceived fitting for the crime outside the confines of courtrooms. (Gang Intelligence 101), In April 2002, members of the Texas Syndicate murder a Tango Blast member at the J.B. Connally state prison. People here dont want to believe a guard would do something like that (McKay, 1991). This exposed the longer historical process of Mexican Americans in United States history being perceived as bandits and criminals without full legal recourse. Over thirty people lost their lives in a notorious welter of political violence, that made headlines across Ireland and across the world. Sandovals case was unique as the only guard to be charged with a homicide at this point, but other guards were charged with other crimes. They are said to be present in every big city in Britain as well as many smaller ones including Telford and Lancaster , after having fought off rival criminals in turf wars. Location: Texas . Vincent continued operating from Brooklyn and Ciro continued expanding his operations in East Harlem and The Bronx. (Gang Intelligence 101), In 1995, the Texas Syndicate declares war on a Mexican gang known as Mexicles. Coppola's policy racket Michael "Trigger Mike" Coppola, was a top lieutenant in the 116th Street crew of Ciro Terranova.